Essa seção representa a maior parte da Web. The dark web is a hidden subset of the internet that can only be accessed using an anonymous web browser such as. It also makes those involved in the industry whether that is the owners of the bookmakers and its shareholders very wealthy indeed. Dark Web Betting Sites: For those interested in online betting, we’ve collected links to dark web betting sites where you can engage in various forms of gambling. Websites and pages in the deep web might include password-protected content. About 80% of videos on the dark web is filled with this explicit content. S. Well it's that so. Here's the story. Exact numbers are difficult to pin down, but in2021, the United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime estimated that such drug sales quadrupled in size over the past decade, reaching $315. Seized Russian Dark Web Sites—Trump’s Dumps, Ferum Shop—Raked In $263 Million In Bitcoin, Ether And Litecoin Sales From Stolen Credit Cards. Use WhatsApp on your computer. In fact, Shutterstock included a particular shade of dark green – Tidewater Green – into its. One secret area along the outer castle wall (between the main entrance and the Herbology classroom) contains a large amount of purple Bouncing Bulbs, which can be defeated, except for a larger one which will turn orange and attack the player if provoked. We typically purchase our gnomes at The Dollar General in early spring for around a dollar and stock up at the end of the summer when they go on sale. TikTok video from Thunder Keck (@thunder_keck): "#intothedarkweb revisting the usb from the gnoming… maybe the beast can help???". It uses the onion router to bounce your signal around other Tor users around the world, thereby. onion sites to help you navigate the Tor network. For. Due to the arms trade on the dark web, every month there could be up to 136 untraced firearms or associated. The first recorded incident of gnoming was in 1986. Aura Free Dark Web Scan. You need a paid Google One membership to use certain features like: Constantly monitor the dark web for your personal info; Provide results for information other than your email addressA disillusioned corporate lawyer turned writer from Australia, Eileen’s new book, The Darkest Web, is the story of her journey, from drug markets and murder-for-hire sites to the Internet’s. Phishing sites and scams are common everywhere online. . For several years operators at New Delhi-based Appin hacked into, spied on, and stole data from targets around the world for clients that included private investigators, government agencies, law. After staring dumbfounded at what had become of what used to be my bedroom, I snapped out of my stupor and turned to the overly-curious, under-cautious child next to me. So, when it comes to your phone, securing it with updates , antivirus software , strong passwords , and cautious behavior can and will help thwart potential hackers. Onion routing was created to protect individuals in the intelligence community by allowing them to communicate anonymously. 2014 saw the continued growth of the dark. ↔ A related Greek word, pa·raʹkle·tos, can refer to an advocate in a legal matter. Creators: Baran bo Odar, Jantje Friese. Example listings of fake documents being sold on the dark web (digital form): Physical forged documents are also being sold. Most Dark Web sites make use of a technology known as Tor Hidden Services. Like many people in the comments have said, a "red room" refers to websites or livestreams where people are tortured, killed, raped, etc. We caught him + flash drive. Method 1: Pay a closer look at some signs. I received a dark web alert from a credit monitoring agency regarding my email. ( nəʊm) n. The dark web is part of the deep web, and it’s only accessible through a special browser: the Tor browser. With identity monitoring through McAfee Identity Protection, you’ll receive notifications if we find your personal information on the dark web. The connection is encrypted and all the traffic bounces between relays located around the world, making the user anonymous. Under “ Step 2: Select your ubuntu*desktop*. - enable 2 factor authentication. Depending on what an investigator is searching for, a variety of how to do deep web search engines may be useful: Pipl: An invaluable research tool for finding people, this search engine browses through databases, member directories, court records, and other listings. EP606 Floral Green Med. They indulge in swapping bizarre personal backstories. 1: The Surface Web 2: The Deep Web 3: The Dark Web. Sử dụng VPN với Tor. Ahmia: A dark web search engine that allows for detailed searches. DuckDuckGo: The search engine of choice on the dark web. If you’ve gotten one of these emails, take. In your existing web browser, pay a visit to the Tor Project website and click the Download for Windows button before saving the installer to the folder of your choice. The dark web, despite massive media attention, is an extremely small part of the deep web. Open WhatsApp on your phone. Hope that some of you guys might appreciate it. The dark web is smaller than the surface web and is harder to navigate. TikTok’s Red Mask is currently reaching up to 16. 2. 4K Likes, 2K Comments. Download for macOS Signature. The first step in accessing the dark web using DuckDuckGo is to download and install the Tor Browser. (called gnoming). คือเรื่องมันมีอยู่ว่าผมใช้เวลา กว่า 12 ช. Brave is on a mission to fix the web by giving users a safer, faster and more private browsing experience, while supporting content creators through a new attention-based rewards ecosystem. Although I was lucky enough to survive, I was aware that not everyone was. This is. REMASTERED IN HD!Best of 50 Cent: here: video by 50 Cent performing P. 0, 3. the statue of a gnome, esp. 8. حيث يسمح بإصدار المواقع الإلكترونية ونشر المعلومات بدون الكشف عن هوية الناشر أو موقعه. Bring the world together with something light, instead of dwelling on the dark economy. On September 13, I wrote about how an earlier dive into the dark web economy by Armor Threat Resistance Unit researchers revealed it was possible to exchange $800 (£630) of Bitcoin for $10,000. Use Bitcoin to buy your ticket. The dark web is a hive for criminal activity due to its anonymous nature and the fact that it is extremely hard to track down anybody who accesses it. 2. 1 awards. Types of data is bought and sold on the dark web. (If Google can find it, then. Torch is one of the oldest and most popular onion search engines on the dark web, serving over 80,000 requests per day. The surface web consists of all the pages that can be indexed by a normal search engine like Google and are available for everyone to see. DarkNetLive. Get anti-malware protection. ”. It is one of the most disturbing sites on the dark web. 2 million views from a single video on his unboxing page. Lee [email protected] study further reveals a significant 20% surge in harmful dark web listings since 2016. The Tor browser, also known as the onion browser or dark web browser, is an abbreviation of the “The Onion Router. Step 8. EP608 Floral Yellow Med. CyberGhost: Huge selection of very secure servers. “Onion routing” – the core principle that enables Tor to retain its users’ anonymity – was developed and funded in the mid-1990s by the U. The Surface Web. . It is said that half life 3 is hiding somewhere in the marianas web. IT is definately fun to take one of your favourite gnomes with you on vacation and take pictures of that gnome from different locations in the world and send it by postcard to the original owner. Considering the dark web’s image, a lot of people bought into the idea that they could actually have someone. It’s also called Multi Accounting & it’s always in discussion as nobody is sure on the legal stance of gnoming. These markets can include selling things like guns, drugs, and even a DIY vasectomy kit. Download for Linux Signature. One of the most valuable items is a “Fullz,” a bundle of information that includes a victim’s name, Social Security number. Method 2: Run a free Dark Web scan. And voilà, it’s ready to go! Visit dark. To later be acquired by the company in 2010. Since the demise of Wall Street and Dream, two new markets, Empire and Nightmare – which both opened over a year ago – have grown. Have fun doing it. Put me links of GNOMES. The cheeks were next. Start using a password manager and change your passwords. companies internal platforms, medical records, research papers, legal documents 3- ProPublica. Hannah. The Welcome to Video case involved the investigation and prosecution of a child pornography ring which traded videos through the South Korean website Welcome to Video, owned and operated by Son Jung-woo (or Jeong-woo). Take the founder of Bet365, through her company she has become a very very. The 25 Best Dark Web Sites (Updated in 2023) 1. 46 EDT First published on Tue. CrowdStrike Falcon Intelligence Recon is a research service that scours Dark Web sources for mentions of your company’s assets. Keep your device up to date. For example, the Tor software can be used for anonymous browsing of. 2. Also known as friendly fraud, this is when a legitimate customer files a chargeback under false pretenses to get their money back. By Timothy B. Hot New Top. . Web Visibility. Use multi-factor authentication. Tap Linked devices and then Link a device. Gnomes can typically be found in the springtime at most garden stores or on Amazon. onion search results. Exploring the Dark Side: OSINT Tools and Techniques for Unmasking Dark Web Operations. Surface Web. This one has made its rounds across the Internet. The dark web is a type of internet where users are able to buy and sell illicit products and services under the cover of anonymity. 2. Dark Web addresses typically look like long strings of letters and numbers, and always end with . Surface web. At this site, you'll see an interactive map that shows most of the recent UFO sightings. gnome. List of Dark Web/Tor Search Engines. Images / graphics / sounds on this web site are in-game (EverQuest) captures, originate from Sony / Darkpaw / Daybreak Games (EverQuest) and / or with permission from. In fact, the dark web is only a small fraction of the deep web, which contains mostly benign sites, such as password-protected e-mail accounts, certain parts of paid subscription services like Netflix, and sites accessible only through. Dark. Step 8. In other words, if Google can’t find what you’re looking for, it’s probably still out there in the World Wide Web; it’s just in the harder-to-access deep web. Although dark web crypto purchases only make up a small part of the total bulk of transactions, on the dark web itself crypto is like a religion. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 1. Dark. Business on the dark web is primarily conducted through dark web forums and marketplaces. How to know if my information is on the Dark Web. Exploring MORE Levels of The Dark Web:quick search while using a VPN exploring and browsing every level of internet on dark we. It accesses. Producers edited a version that is rated R with the most explicit scenes suppressed. It’s still growing – faster than we know it. Sky Bet, Ladbrokes and Bet Victor all allow partner accounts, while some others like Bet365 allow accounts at the same. The dark web is home to very disturbing things, a lot of which include black markets. The site, called 'Get Gnomed' offers to fill the inside and outside of someone's home with garden ornaments - which are sometimes filled with poo to attract pests - for $500 (£420). The site is a non-profit and doesn’t make any money. The information can be about an organization, its users or malicious actors on the dark web. The dark web, sometimes called the dark net, is an encrypted part of the internet that is not indexed by search engines. This week on Tech’s Message : Spam phone calls Gnoming on the dark web ‘Guess the hole’ Ticketing system failures Taylor Swift The extended, ad-free version available via Patreon subscription also includes: Is now a good time to buy a new TV? Samsung vs LG vs Sony Effective upscaling technologies Outtakes and much, much more… Become a supporter to unlock bonus content and listen live. Tor in its entirety originated as a collaborative project between the US Naval Research Laboratory and the non-profit organisation Free Haven Project. To access the Dark Web, you’ll need to download the Tor browser for free. 2) Torch. Get Gnomed is an onion website on the dark web in which a buyer can purchase a "gnoming" service that entails garden gnomes being anonymously placed at a selected person's address, invading their daily life and creeping them out. 6 million users that use the Tor network daily, one study reported only 2% (52,000) of users accessed onion services. The term is very general, as there are actually a number of ‘darknets’ available such as ‘Freenet. It's a free-to-use web browser based on Firefox. Cryptolocker, for instance (a malware that effectively holds your locals files "ransom," returnable to you only for a fee) and the equally troubling SkyNet. surface web — publicly accessible resources, e. Type of users: Buyers. It cannot be reached with regular search engines or browsers, and instead requires the use of specialized software. Quite a few bookmakers are family-friendly now so a different physical address isn't essential as long as you don't smash the same sign up. Weapons. Gnoming: This refers to the process of creating multiple accounts with the same bookmaker. #intothedarkweb revisting the usb from the gnoming… maybe the beast can help??? thunder_keck. The dark web is part of deep web , a wider collection of content that doesn’t appear. A garden gnome in Sydney, Australia was stolen and the crime reported to The Sydney Morning Herald. ⭐️⭐️ Suscríbete a nuestro canal ⭐️⭐️En el vídeo de hoy te traemos una guía en la que te explicamos cómo entrar en las principales dark. The Dark Web is an important part of the Internet ecosystem. What exactly am I supposed to do about that? I got the same email, so I signed in to Turbo Tax manually—only to be told to click on the link in the email. However, the Tor browser is widely associated with the dark web, which is notorious for illegal activities. With Tor Browser, you are free to access sites your home network may have blocked. Dark Web: The dark web refers to encrypted online content that is not indexed on conventional search engines. Torch is one of the oldest and most-known dark web search engines. 3. Protect yourself against tracking, surveillance, and censorship. 1. . Very few people have ever been that deep in the web (I sure haven't), but it supposedly contains the absolute worst of the entire internet, like the worst child porn and gore. Uno Flip is an exciting twist on the classic game of Uno, Gnoming Around allows players to create mini golf courses with cards, and Kids Against Maturity is a hilarious game sure to keep the family laughing. Anyone can access to the Dark Web by simply downloading software for it. The site has a pretty huge directory of posts you could read but even the design of it isn’t appealing due to the dark colors and poor styling. Available on Android, iOS, Windows, macOS and Linux. You can find more incidents on Dark Web News, where SOCRadar publishes detected threat actor activities, including ransomware attacks, sales of unauthorized access, and data leaks. How to access the dark web safely. The advantage of this is that it could double or triple any winnings you make. The Dark Web is a collection of sites and resources that are deliberately hidden. Step Up Your Password Game. وأفضل طريقة للعثور على عنوان آمن هو الدخول إلى موقع. 48. A popular and very much used browser is the Tor Project's. Info: DuckDuckGo also indexes surface web articles that can be accessed on other browsers, but you’ll need to be on Tor or another darknet to access . It is known for the extensive database it maintains, containing over 100,000 onions and 4 million web pages. Stone of Gnoming (Need In-Game Link) (Gnome) MALE VIDEO FEMALE VIDEO. As. This happens due to encryption and routing content through multiple web. There are also VPNs and. Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets essays are academic essays for citation. ,. Dark web monitoring describes the process of searching the dark web for information - usually stolen credentials or intellectual property that is circulating among cybercriminals on the dark web. But it also not true with McAfee dark web email thingy . We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. EP612 Floral Red Med EK144. Dark Web Monitoring helps shine a light on the dark web, notifying you if your information is found. Only a tiny portion of the internet is accessible through a standard web browser--generally known as the "clear web". At a sentencing hearing in Cork Circuit Criminal Court, Judge Helen Boyle warned Paul Schilling (35) that although his guilty. Step 1: Plan ahead. Install and configure a Tor. Gnoming is the term used for a member which is operating many different accounts using the same bookmaker. While some people engage in illegal activities on the dark web, it isn’t against the law to access the dark web in most countries. Twitter. Follow us on Twitter 14. This is the most common fix people think about when they find their email on the dark web. A Tor Browser VPN segítségével csatlakozik a hálózathoz, így teszi lehetővé azt, hogy lenyomozhatatlanok maradjunk. • 2 mo. Dark Web. YouTube. Torch – the best dark web search engine. For more options, check our article on the 5 Best Family Card Games for a great game night. Dark. Silk Road, AlphaBay and Hydra are examples of dark web marketplaces that were once thriving but have since been shut down by authorities. Because Tor servers keep users and publishers completely anonymous, there’s no way to regulate or control the content, products, and services being offered inside the dark web. and more on the way, to keep with my copyright certificate. Pornhub has created a Tor mirror site,. Get gnomed, whisper to the beast and all of these onions are all fake, none of them are real. Search privately. 9) I found someone selling a “wish pill” online. OCRadar alerts companies for breached datasets and combolists. u/angie80511. Discover a variety of products and services in this thriving online ecosystem. Secure storage and backup Every file and photo you store with Google is secure by default — protected by one of the world's most secure and reliable cloud infrastructures. Quick Answer. Hello me Old Chums – Welcome to the new 'Noggin the Gnome' website - we've got loads more G’Noggin Gnoming stuff available - including 3D models and ringtones with Noggin's voice - from Gnome in the Phone – Plus reprints of the books and DVD’s. "Historically, gnomes have always been thought of as good luck. 13. On the bad side,. The advantage of this is that it could double or triple any winnings you make. SimpleX Chat - the first messaging platform that has no user identifiers (not even random numbers) - v3. Bitcoin value on the dark web seems to be on the rise, too. Thunder Keck, who creates an 'Into the Dark Web' series for TikTok, was left speechless after finding a service to get someone 'gnomed' - a term he didn't know existed. الإنترنت المظلم (The Dark Web) يعتبر الإنترنت المظلم جزءاً مهماً من منظومة الإنترنت. Also there's this one forum kind of like Yahoo Answers but on the deep web. Inside this box was a bunch of weird and random items, one being an SD CARD. That said, if you're in the market for something harmless, here's a guide on getting to the sites that will replace your sketchy dealer. Cybercriminals use the dark web to buy and sell stolen personal information like: Bank Account Numbers, Login Credentials, Passwords, SSN, and Email Addresses. Every search engine uses bots to crawl the web and add. 9. Quick Guide: How to Access the Dark Web Safely in 3 Easy Steps. Gnoming is a phrase which involves having multiple accounts with the same bookmaker. Navigate to the path: Browser > TorBrowser > Data > Tor. Get Gnomed is an onion website on the dark web in which a buyer can purchase a "gnoming" service that entails garden gnomes being anonymously placed at a. 21 The Marianas Web. The people running the site don't want anyone to know who they are and they certainly don't want just anyone visiting their sites. Accepts bitcoin for anonymous payment. XSS is a Russian-speaking forum considered one of the most popular and highly professional hacking forums on the dark web. I'm not sure what you meant by "using Microsoft Defender to. The term dark web first emerged in 2009; however, it is unknown when the actual dark web first emerged. Bitcoin Core. However, it started as a video uploaded on the deep web. Video Description. Step 1: Use a dark web scanning tool. gnoming service. Animal Abuse. Learn to purchase products from dark web markets. Some people refer to this as ‘Gnoming’ or a ‘Gnome account’ in the gambling and matched betting world. Download Brave browser and. A missing child sets four families on a frantic hunt for answers as they unearth a mind-bending mystery that spans three generations. julienbono. Buy a gnome and receive; video updates, twitter, a postcard of Debbie with all of her Gnomes, and the feeling that you are part of a global effort. Speed: Your base walking speed is 25 feet. The man is eating a bowl of soup, when a strange figure walks in wearing a disturbing mask, and gloves. Explicit Content. If we find your. 0089 bitcoin ($22, AU$30, £. Download the Tor browser. Bring the world together with something light, instead of dwelling on the dark economy. The “dark web” is an internet shadow world where the good and the bad co-exist. Torch prides itself on not censoring any search results, and it scours the deep web every day for new publicly available Onion websites on the Tor network. A computer and phone hacking service runs $343 on average. Yeah nah. Tor isn’t the only way to access the dark net’s hidden services, but it’s certainly the easiest and the best. via priceonomics. A person would take the stolen gnome on a journey and then return it to its. Fast Company. It is the opposite of the Surface Web, which is the version of the internet most of us are using right now, the one that can be indexed by Google, Bing, etc. gnome. Dodgy online marketplaces, criminal gangs, terrorist groups—it sounds like the type of place that only the most troubled members of society would want to hang out. Darkvision: Accustomed to life underground, you have superior vision in dark and dim conditions. Cocorico – a French marketplace that operates in French and provides services across Europe. A missing child sets four families on a frantic hunt for answers as they unearth a mind-bending mystery that spans three generations. Dark web monitoring can help you keep your identity safe and, in doing so, protect your finances. Under “ Step 1: Select a Linux Distribution from the dropdown to put on your USB ” select Tails. However, the technology that Yippy manages, was created in Carnegie Mellon. Check out these best onion sites to access the dark web securely and anonymously. 1. Xataka Basics. The Hidden Wiki: A handy overview with lots of links to relevant dark web websites. Fast Company. These are websites and servers that have been deliberately hidden. (C) 2003 Shady Record. M. 1. Counterfeit Australian identity documents, especially driver's licenses, rank among some of the most frequently listed and sold identity documents on anonymous dark web marketplaces, according to new research from the Center of Forensic Science at the University of Technology Sydney (UTS). It's predominantly accessed via Tor or I2P. if you wanna go all out, buy some bitcoin, buy a fake utility bill and ID. 暗网是由深网的一小部分所構成的。 深网的网络不能夠被正常网络搜索引擎（如谷歌、雅虎等）索引，有时“深网”这一术语經常被错误地用于. Download and install Tor. It is a project created, by. The dark web is a network of unindexed web content. The dark web is also unregulated, meaning that it is run and upheld by a vast network of individuals around. Download for Android. Hostage Soup Video. In this blog post, we’ll explain what it means if your email or other personal data is found on the dark web, what you should do, and how you can make sure your. Mạng riêng ảo hoặc VPN là một loại phần mềm bảo mật khác che giấu địa chỉ IP nhưng không cho phép truy cập các trang Deep Web. Subscribe to a VPN. From this point onwards, you can enjoy complete anonymity and security while being able to access “. Not only do most bookmakers restrict multi-accounts, no industry fulcrum - an accolade of which Yesbets is in receipt - recommends or condones multi-accounting, or gnoming. 2017 | Maturity Rating: TV-MA | 3 Seasons | Thrillers. Twitter. The dark web is a part of the internet that can’t be accessed from standard browsers. Sorry not engaging. If you're after more places Google can't reach, explore these dark web websites you won't find on Google or these deep search engines. About 80% of videos on the dark web is filled with this explicit content. Madame Web's Real Villain May Explain Dark Spider-Man's Big Plan - A Marvel Theory. Free returns Within 90 days. Because this offering is so extensive and affordable, the Dark Web is the ideal breeding ground for criminals. One group promised it could “hack any website,” gaining access to either the underlying web server or the website’s administrative panel. Blank Room Soup. uk [4] was registered, which features stories and media about the gnome character Noggin Clontith. - or completely stop using that particular hotmail account or delete it entirely (if you don't need it anymore) What you can not do: - remove your "leaked" email address from dark web. avi. Price adjustment. These tools help to find leaked or stolen information such as compromised passwords, breached credentials, intellectual property. 2. CrowdStrike Falcon Intelligence Recon. umkhumbi to umlenze. You will notice the “ torrc ” file in this folder. The best gnoming service on the dark web. the beast ai. Dark Web considers a segment of the Deep Web. 1. Torch Search Engine. only to become ill. Qué es la Dark Web, en qué se diferencia de la Deep Web y cómo puedes navegar por ella. ago. In principle it sounds easy, but bookmakers have a zero-tolerance on the use of such practices to the extent that they will close all accounts if they have evidence of punters gnoming. Kami akan sedikit membahas apa itu Tor dan cara kerjanya sebelum membahas panduan tahapan untuk mengakses dark web. Deep Web. Invia e ricevi rapidamente messaggi WhatsApp direttamente dal tuo computer. TOR. Get Gnomed is an onion website on the dark web in which a buyer can purchase a "gnoming" service that entails garden gnomes being anonymously placed at a. Lo que te vamos a explicar es cómo entrar en la Dark Web, ya que esto sí es a lo que coloquialmente nos referimos como Deep Web, y el método para entrar depende de la darknet a la que te. onion hidden service, when more sites switch to the new protocol, we will update the homepage with a bigger list of up to date links. Assuming those are your priorities, here are 8 dark web search engines to use with Tor Browser: 1. Jednak musíte vědět, kam se chcete dostat. Forums List. In. Is the Dark Web Synonymous with Crime ? • Many people use the dark web for totally legitimate reasons – political dissidence, private communication, etc • Many people also use the dark web because of the cybercriminal communities that thrive there • Silk Road (and Silk Road 2. A triangle of open flesh lay at the centre of the woman’s face, her nose now in wet spirals on her lap and around her feet. Right-click on this file and select Open with. How to prevent your email from ending up on the dark web. How Do The Dark Web Sites Operate? The Dark Web is like the dark scary part of the web that holds many secrets – both good and bad. Watch the latest videos about #intothedarkweb on TikTok. onion. It's a free-to-use web browser based on Firefox. With a killer gorilla on the loose, a group of strangers find themselves stranded at a remote mansion of a grieving madwoman one dark and stormy night. The following list are the first sites which are available as a v3 . If you’re just interested in quickly accessing the Darknet, here’s how you do it: Download TOR. So essentially, you’re looking for onion websites (links ending with . Recommendet to use Tails as a live usb. OR - The act of recklessly going around and BORROWING lawn gnomes then taking one of your favorite gnomes with you on vacation and take pictures of that gnome from different locations in the world and send it by postcard to the original owner. We can monitor for: Driver’s license number, mother’s maiden name, physical and email addresses, phone numbers, bank account numbers, and credit card numbers. The dark web is not the same thing as the deep web. A recent report by a leading crypto-payment analytic firm, Chainalysis, shows that Bitcoin transactions on the dark web grew from approximately $250 million in 2012 to $872 million in 2018. This first step is the most important and, unfortunately, the hardest part of matched betting with multiple accounts. Within 30 days Gnoming Hiding gnomes around a friend/ family member's house, car, or work place. ExpressVPN: Security-conscious VPN with its own . (European Myth & Legend) one of a species of legendary creatures, usually resembling small misshapen old men, said to live in the depths of the earth and guard buried treasure. 1.